於 2021年12月20日 (一) 15:45 的修訂

曲嶿嶿的戰爭

前伊斯蘭時期的阿拉伯
六日戰爭
1967年6月5日–6月10日(你沒有眼瞎，只有六天！)
導火線：北爛地戈蘭高地的敘軍向以色列定居點開火(你沒有眼瞎，就是這麼北爛！)
參戰方：以色列 V.S 埃及敘利亞約旦伊拉克巴勒斯坦解放組織(你沒有眼瞎，就是這麼多人對上以色列！)
贏方：可可可可是以色列贏了！(是的，你沒有眼瞎)
可怕的事件：埃及總統納瑟為了不要讓埃及的民眾知道埃及打敗仗了，所以就把逃回來的埃及敗兵殺掉了！(你沒有眼瞎，就是這麼殘忍！)
兵力

以以以以以色色
250,000人
1,000輛坦克
1,500輛武裝車輛
290架飛機

哀哀哀哀哀傷及
328,000人
2,300輛坦克
1,800輛武裝車輛
951架飛機

<!DOCTYPE html> 六日戰爭 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

六日戰爭

Battle of Corinth
	Part of the Achaean War
	; The last day on Corinth, Tony Robert-Fleury, 1870
Date	146 BC
Location	Corinth37°54′19″N 22°52′49″E / 37.9053°N 22.8802°ECoordinates: 37°54′19″N 22°52′49″E / 37.9053°N 22.8802°E
Result	Roman victory Destruction of Corinth; Complete Roman hegemony over Greece; Achaean League disbanded;
Territorial; changes	Greece annexed by the Roman Republic
Belligerents
Roman Republic	Achaean League
Commanders and leaders
Lucius Mummius	Diaeus †
Strength
23,500 infantry; 3,300 cavalry	13,500 infantry; 650 cavalry
Casualties and losses
Minor	Total

第三次中東戰爭
	; 進入耶路撒冷舊城區，站在哭牆旁的以色列士兵（西牆的傘兵）
日期	1967年6月5日–6月10日
地點	中東
結果	以軍獲勝
領土變更	以色列從埃及奪取加薩走廊及西奈半島；從約旦奪取約旦河西岸地區（包括東耶路撒冷）；從敘利亞奪取戈蘭高地。
參戰方
以色列	埃及; 敘利亞; 約旦; 伊拉克; 巴勒斯坦解放組織
指揮官與領導者
列維·艾希科爾; 摩西·戴陽	納瑟; 阿塞德; 海珊·本·塔拉勒 ; 艾哈邁德·哈桑·貝克爾
兵力
250,000人; 1,000輛坦克; 1,500輛武裝車輛; 290架飛機	328,000人; 2,300輛坦克; 1,800輛武裝車輛; 951架飛機
傷亡與損失
680人陣亡; 2,600人受傷; 15人失蹤及被俘; 400輛坦克損毀; 46架飛機遭擊落	4,300人陣亡; 6,100人受傷; 7,500人失蹤及被俘; 960輛坦克損毀或被俘; 440架飛機遭擊落

維基百科，自由的百科全書

六日戰爭，又稱第三次以阿戰爭、第三次中東戰爭，阿拉伯國家方面稱六月戰爭，亦稱六·五戰爭、六天戰爭，發生在1967年6月初，是「先發制人」戰爭的一個典範。它發生在以色列國和毗鄰的埃及、敘利亞及約旦等阿拉伯國家之間。戰爭從6月5日開始，共進行了六天，結果埃及、約旦和敘利亞聯軍被以色列徹底打敗，是20世紀軍事史上最具有壓倒性結局的戰爭之一。

背景[編輯]

以色列自1948年復國以來，就一直被生活在巴勒斯坦的阿拉伯人所抵制。阿拉伯人認為以色列復國占據了他們的家園。在以色列的西南部有敵對的埃及，東部有控制著耶路撒冷和約旦河西岸的約旦國，北部有同樣敵對的敘利亞。具體地來講，埃及控制的西奈半島和加薩走廊對以色列的威脅最大；在東邊，被趕出家園的巴勒斯坦人大部分聚居在約旦河西岸，不斷和以色列發生低度衝突；在以色列東北部，敘利亞的戈蘭高地附近，也不斷與以色列相互炮擊。

更加複雜的是，美國和蘇聯兩個超級大國也捲入這場衝突，以色列有大批北約成員國提供的武器裝備，而蘇聯則向埃及、約旦和敘利亞提供蘇制飛機、戰車、大炮等武器裝備。當時埃及總統納瑟在蘇聯支持下，聯合約旦和敘利亞，準備和以色列決一死戰，把整個以色列國全部摧毀。以阿兩方的敵對情緒很濃烈。

戰事過程[編輯]

導火線[編輯]

1967年4月7日，戈蘭高地的敘軍向以色列定居點開火，由此爆發衝突，敘利亞的六架米格戰機被以色列國防軍擊落，敘利亞馬上向埃及呼籲參戰，埃及立即動員十萬大軍和一千輛坦克，開進西奈半島的埃以邊界地區。

1967年5月16日，埃及武裝力量總司令要求聯合國撤出在埃以邊境的觀察所駐紮的所有部隊，隨即埃軍前往並占領一部分聯合國觀察所。

1967年5月18日，埃及外交部長通告所有聯合國部隊派遣國：聯合國部隊必須立即離開埃及和加薩走廊。

1967年5月22日，埃及宣布自次日起封鎖西奈半島的堤藍海峽。

1967年5月30日，約旦和埃及簽署了五年共同防禦條約，至此埃約聯軍有機會在半小時內將以色列一分為二，戰爭眼看就要全面爆發。

空戰[編輯]

以色列西側臨地中海，其餘的南北和東面被敵國包圍。就在敵人調兵遣將之際，以色列軍隊決定先發制人，1967年6月5日在留下十二架戰機擔任本土防空任務後，以色列空軍其他戰機全部動員起來準備投入到對埃及、約旦和敘利亞的襲擊當中。

以色列時間清晨7點10分，第一波183架戰機分批升空，分別撲向埃及十個機場。埃及的時間比以色列晚一個小時，而埃及正常的早班時間是上午9點。所以以色列戰機起飛的時候，埃及空軍的官兵們正忙著進行夜班與早班的交接工作。巡邏機返航加油，雷達室忙著填寫值班記錄，其他多數下夜班和準備上早班的官兵到餐廳吃早餐。

以色列時間8點45分、埃及時間7點45分，超低空飛行，依託地形做掩護的以色列戰機突然出現在埃及空軍基地的上空，伴隨著朝陽的逆光，讓埃及人看不清形勢，以色列空軍對跑道雷達及戰機突然實行了大規模空襲。在一批以色列戰機離去後，埃及空軍地勤官兵衝出掩體，搶修跑道，但不到十分鐘後第二批以色列飛機又鬼魅般的殺到，地勤人員來不及躲藏，在開闊的機場上被以色列飛機的機關炮掃射，以及第一次留下來的延時炮彈陸續爆炸，造成大量傷亡。

就這樣在第一波空襲結束後，以色列摧毀埃及飛機197架，其中189架在停機坪上被炸燬。六個埃及機場破壞得不能使用、十六個雷達站遭破壞而失去作用。以色列飛機在返航途中又順道摧毀了埃及的一批地對空導彈。以色列空襲開始後，埃及有十二架米格-21和八架米格-19飛機升空作戰，結果八架在空戰中被擊落，其餘更因北方機場遭破壞無法著陸而墜毀。

以色列第二攻擊波於9時34分出擊，共出動164架次，其中115架次繼續襲擊埃及空軍基地，又擊毀埃機107架，十三架次襲擊埃及的雷達站，其餘的執行巡邏和近距離空中支援任務。第二攻擊波的以機轟炸了埃及十四個空軍基地，其中六個是第一次未去攻擊的埃及飛機轉場著陸的機場。僅僅一個上午的時間，埃及空軍幾近覆滅。

在以色列空襲埃及時，約旦和敘利亞的戰機相繼起飛，對以色列機場發動襲擊，以支援埃及。但因事先完全沒有準備，且戰爭意志游移不決，空襲規模很小，幾乎沒有取得實質性的效果。而以色列在摧毀埃及空軍後，揮師約旦，約旦空軍瞬間消失。第二天以空軍又撲向大馬士革、達米爾等空軍基地，消滅了近一半的敘利亞飛機。

至此三個阿拉伯國家的空軍完全癱瘓，以色列徹底掌握了制空權，為戰爭的勝利奠定了基礎。

陸戰[編輯]

西奈半島[編輯]

西奈半島戰役示意圖

在實施空襲後的半小時，以色列地面部隊五個師以坦克裝甲車為前導，自加薩、阿里什和阿布奧格拉，向西奈半島大舉進攻。當時埃軍在西奈半島有五個步兵師和兩個裝甲師，共約十二萬人，分別據守在各個戰略要點上。以軍在空軍的掩護下，占領了加薩地帶，進入了西奈半島的阿里什、阿布奧格拉等地。接著，以軍兵分三路，向蘇伊士運河地區進攻：

北路攻打坎塔臘
中路指向伊斯梅利亞
南路對準陶菲克港和蘇伊士城。

雖然埃軍頑強抵抗，發動了兩次反攻，但終因沒有空軍支援而失敗。

7日北路以軍攻抵坎塔臘附近、中路以軍越過比爾吉夫賈法、南路以軍進抵吉迪山和米特拉山口，堵住了埃軍退路。於是埃軍不得不封鎖蘇伊士運河。到6月8日以軍全殲了埃及在西奈半島上的五個師，一直挺進到蘇伊士運河東岸。當日埃、以雙方接受了聯合國的停火決議。僅僅三天時間西奈半島就全部落入以軍之手。

約旦河西岸[編輯]

約旦河西岸戰役示意圖

約旦最初不願意參戰，但埃及提供的虛假勝利讓約旦動心，宣布參戰，約旦軍隊向耶路撒冷新城發起炮擊。

戰爭之初，約旦部隊包括11個旅共約55,000人，配備了大約300輛現代西方坦克。其中的9個旅（45,000人、270輛坦克和200門大炮）被部署到約旦河西岸，包括精銳裝甲第40旅。約旦的阿拉伯軍團裝備精良而且訓練有素，當時約旦皇家空軍的實力十分弱小，他們僅有24架英國霍克獵人式戰鬥機，該戰鬥機的基本性能與以色列空軍的幻影戰鬥機相同^[1]。

為了對付約旦軍隊，以色列部署了大約40,000人的部隊（8個旅）和200輛坦克^[2]。以色列中央司令部部隊包括5個旅、其中兩個部署靠近在耶路撒冷，這兩個旅被稱為耶路撒冷旅和機械化哈雷爾旅，第55傘兵旅也從西奈前線被召喚到西岸。

6月5日下午以色列空軍利用空襲摧毀了約旦皇家空軍。到當天晚上耶路撒冷步兵旅南移到耶路撒冷，而機械化哈雷爾旅和傘兵旅從城市北部包抄過來。在發動對約旦的地面進攻時，以色列攻打的戰役目標是先奪取耶路撒冷舊城南北的制高點，然後奪取舊城。與埃及陸軍的命運相同，沒有空中掩護的約旦守衛部隊和增援部隊，就像靶子一樣任由以色列戰機屠戮。幾個小時之內，約旦的全部有線通訊線路都遭破壞。約旦河西岸的約軍司令部遭到以色列飛機的狂轟濫炸後被迫撤到東岸。當日深夜以色列對耶路撒冷發起了猛烈的攻擊，城西高地上的探照燈把約軍的陣地照得如同白晝，以色列炮兵輕鬆地摧毀了約軍陣地。6日凌晨以軍突入城區，7日上午以色列軍隊對已是空城的耶路撒冷發起了總攻，上午10時就推進到了猶太教中著名的哭牆腳下。

以色列攻打耶路撒冷時，也同步展開了對約旦河西岸北部地區的進攻。5日下午以色列越過停火線，6日凌晨占領傑寧。6日夜晚占領納布盧斯。7日約旦和以色列雙方接受了聯合國緊急發出的停火決議，而此時以色列已經奪取了約旦河西岸歸約旦管轄的全部地區。

戈蘭高地[編輯]

戈蘭高地戰役示意圖

在6月7日及6月8日分別與約旦和埃及實現停火後，以色列的視線轉向了東面的敘利亞戈蘭高地。戈蘭高地是敘利亞西南邊境內的一條狹長山地，長達60多公里，中部最寬處約20多公里。戈蘭高地上公路縱橫，交通便利。庫奈特拉城是高地的首府也是高地上的戰略要地，從這裡有一條公路直通敘利亞首都大馬士革。戈蘭高地與以色列接壤，高地居高臨下，海拔600到1000公尺。而戈蘭高地上駐守的敘軍炮兵陣地，被以色列視為肉中刺，必除之而後快。所以，雖然以色列和敘利亞都已經宣布接受聯合國的立即停火決議，但以色列仍於6月9日中午對敘利亞發起了大規模的進攻，敘利亞也進行了頑強的抵抗，激戰到夜晚，以色列占領了卡拉、扎烏拉和巴尼亞斯3個城鎮。6月10日，敘利亞一方面在聯合國控訴以色列違反停火決議，另一方面命令仍在戈蘭高地抵抗的軍隊迅速回撤以保衛大馬士革，使以色列輕鬆控制了戈蘭高地的大部分地區，當天下午6點30分以色列再次宣布停火。

結果及影響[編輯]

第三次中東戰爭以軍雖然傷亡近千人，3個阿拉伯國家傷亡卻有近20,000人。以軍損失戰機46架，卻擊毀了對方400多架飛機，以色列占領了埃及控制的加薩地帶和西奈半島，約旦控制的約旦河西岸和耶路撒冷舊城，敘利亞的戈蘭高地共65,000平方公里的土地，數十萬阿拉伯平民逃離家園淪為難民，成為中東局勢仍不可收拾的根源，至今以色列成功控制巴勒斯坦全境。

4個月後即1967年11月22日，聯合國安理會通過242號決議，要求以色列撤出六天戰爭後占領的它國領土，也要求阿拉伯國家承認以色列的獨立與安全。這個決議是解決以阿衝突的綱領和藍圖，但是巴勒斯坦人繼續在西岸和加薩地帶組織和訓練反以活動，雖然以色列於1982年把西奈半島歸還埃及，換取埃及承認以色列，但以色列拒絕撤出西岸並擴大猶太殖民區，以巴雙方形成多年僵局，但隨著伊朗的崛起，阿拉伯國家逐漸在實際上默認以色列的存在。

1967年的六日戰爭是中東戰爭中最具歷史意義的轉折點之一。此戰對阿拉伯國家造成重大打擊，更直接影響埃及總統納瑟的心理及健康情況。其繼任總統沙達特在回憶錄表示納瑟在此役中「他最寶貴的資產——自尊，已受到前所未有的傷害。只不過在幾天前，全世界都緊張在等待著他在記者會上所說的每一句話。現在人民到處在嘲笑他，把他當作了一個笑柄。六月五日的事件，給他一個致命的打擊。那些事件簡直可以致他於死地。瞭解他的人體會到：他並非在1970年9月28日死去，而是在1967年6月5日，在戰爭爆發後一個小時，他就已經死去了。」，並指出「這就是那時候甚至在後來漫長一段時間——他的樣子簡直變成一具活殭屍的原因。雖然他仍能活動、行走、傾聽、和說話，可是他臉上和手上，顯然已現出了死亡的蒼白」。

戰爭罪行[編輯]

納瑟不想讓埃及民眾第一時間了解到埃軍戰爭慘敗狀況，於是下令待命部隊秘密處決了數百名逃回蘇伊士運河西岸的埃及潰兵^[3]，同時也有以埃雙方的資料稱以軍槍殺埃及戰俘^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]。

船艦被困[編輯]

附錄[編輯]

^ Pollack, "Arabs at War", p. 293-294
^ Pollack, "Arabs at War", p. 294
^ Churchill & Churchill 1967, p. 179.
^ Bron, Gabby 'Egyptian POWs Ordered to Dig Graves, Then Shot By Israeli Army' 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2007-02-19., Yedioth Ahronoth, August 17, 1995.
^ Bar-Zohar, Michael 'The Reactions of Journalists to the Army's Murders of POWs', Maariv, August 17, 1995.
^ Prior 1999, pp. 209–210; Bar-On, Morris and Golani 2002; Fisher, Ronal 'Mass Murder in the 1956 War', Ma'ariv, August 8, 1995.
^ Laub, Karin 'Historians: Israeli troops killed many Egyptian POWs', Associated Press, August 16, 1995. Retrieved from the Wayback Machine. October 14, 2005.
^ "Israel Reportedly Killed POWs", August 17, 1995
^ Segev, T., 2007, p. 374
^ Ibrahim, Youssef. Egypt Says Israelis Killed P.O.W.'s in '67 War. The New York Times. September 21, 1995 [2014-01-11]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-26）.

參考[編輯]

Aloni, Shlomo (2001). Arab-Israeli Air Wars 1947-1982. Osprey Aviation. ISBN 978-1-84176-294-4
Bar-On, Mordechai, Morris, Benny and Golani, Motti (2002). Reassessing Israel's Road to Sinai/Suez, 1956: A "Trialogue". In Gary A. Olson (Ed.). Traditions and Transitions in Israel Studies: Books on Israel, Volume VI (pp. 3–42). SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-5585-2
Bar-On, Mordechai, Never-Ending Conflict: Israeli Military History, ISBN 978-0-275-98158-7
Bard, Mitchell G. (2002). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Middle East Conflict. Alpha books. ISBN 978-0-02-864410-3
Black, Ian (1992). Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-3286-4
Boczek, Boleslaw Adam (2005). International Law: A Dictionary. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5078-1
Bowen, Jeremy (2003). Six Days: How the 1967 War Shaped the Middle East. London: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-3095-7
Bregman, Ahron (2002). Israel's Wars: A History Since 1947. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-28716-6
Christie, Hazel (1999). Law of the Sea. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-4382-6
Cristol, A Jay (2002). Liberty Incident: The 1967 Israeli Attack on the U.S. Navy Spy Ship. Brassey's. ISBN 978-1-57488-536-1
Eban, Abba (1977). Abba Eban: An Autobiography. Random House. ISBN 978-0-394-49302-2
Ehteshami, Anoushiravan and Hinnebusch, Raymond A. (1997). Syria & Iran: Middle Powers in a Penetrated Regional System. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-15675-2
Gat, Moshe (2003). Britain and the Conflict in the Middle East, 1964-1967: The Coming of the Six-Day War. Praeger/Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-275-97514-2
Gelpi, Christopher (2002). Power of Legitimacy: Assessing the Role of Norms in Crisis Bargaining. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09248-5
Hammel, Eric. Sinai air strike:June 5 1967. Military Heritage. October 2002, 4 (2): 68–73.
Hammel, Eric (1992). Six Days in June: How Israel Won the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7434-7535-8
Herzog, Chaim (1982). The Arab-Israeli Wars; Arms & Armour Press.
Hussein of Jordan (1969). My "War" with Israel. London: Peter Owen. ISBN 978-0-7206-0310-1
Hopwood, Derek (1991). Egypt: Politics and Society. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-09432-0
Katz, Samuel M. (1991) Israel's Air Force; The Power Series. Motorbooks International Publishers & Wholesalers, Osceola, WI.
Koboril, Iwao and Glantz, Michael H. (1998). Central Eurasian Water Crisis. United Nations University Press. ISBN 978-92-808-0925-1
Makiya, Kanan (1998). Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21439-2
Morris, Benny (1997). Israel's Border Wars, 1949-1956. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-829262-3
Morris, Benny (2001) Righteous Victims New York, Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-679-74475-7
Mutawi, Samir (2002). Jordan in the 1967 War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-52858-0
Oren, Michael (2002). Six Days of War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515174-9
Phythian, Mark (2001). The Politics of British Arms Sales Since 1964. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-5907-0
Podeh, Elie. The Lie That Won't Die: Collusion, 1967. Middle East Quarterly. Winter 2004, 11 (1) [2008-05-31]. （原始內容存檔於2008-06-12）.
Pollack, Kenneth (2004). Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948-1991. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-8783-9
Pollack, Kenneth (2005). Air Power in the Six-Day War. The Journal of Strategic Studies. 28(3), 471-503.
Prior, Michael (1999). Zionism and the State of Israel: A Moral Inquiry. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-20462-0
Quigley, John B. (2005). Case for Palestine: An International Law Perspective. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-3539-9
Quigley, John B. (1990). Palestine and Israel: A Challenge to Justice. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-1023-5
Rabil, Robert G. (2003). Embattled Neighbors: Syria, Israel, and Lebanon. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58826-149-6
Rezun, Miron (1990). Iran and Afghanistan. In A. Kapur (Ed.). Diplomatic Ideas and Practices of Asian States (pp. 9–25). Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-09289-1
Rikhye, Indar Jit (1980). The Sinai Blunder. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-3136-3
Rubenberg, Cheryl A. (1989). Israel and the American National Interest. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06074-8
Seale, Patrick (1988). Asad: The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06976-3
Segev, Tom. Israel in 1967. Keter. 2005. ISBN 978-965-07-1370-6.
Sela, Avraham (1997). The Decline of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: Middle East Politics and the Quest for Regional Order. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-3537-3
Shlaim, Avi. The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World. W. W. Norton & Company. 2001. ISBN 978-0-393-32112-8.
Smith, Grant (2006). Deadly Dogma. Institute for Research: Middle Eastern Policy. ISBN 978-0-9764437-4-2
Stephens, Robert H. (1971). Nasser: A Political Biography. London: Allen Lane/The Penguin Press. ISBN 978-0-7139-0181-8
Stone, David (2004). Wars of the Cold War. Brassey's. ISBN 978-1-85753-342-2
van Creveld, Martin (2004). Defending Israel: A Controversial Plan Toward Peace. Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-0-312-32866-5

外部連結[編輯]

大衛子孫的抉擇:對六日戰爭的起源探討（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
The Photograph: A Search for June 1967
The three soldiers - background to that photograph （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Six Day War Personal recollections & Timeline （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Video Clip: Sandhurst military historian analysing how King Hussein became involved in the Six Day War. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Video Clip: Analysis of Israel's Sinai Campaign in 1967 by Sandhurst military historian. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Video Clip: Military analysis of the attack on Jerusalem and the Jordanian defence. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Six-Day War （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Encyclopaedia of the Orient
Declassified Johnson Administration cables and meeting minutes （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
All State Department documents related to the crisis （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
UN Resolution 242
The status of Jerusalem, UNITED NATIONS, New York, 1997 (Prepared for, and under the guidance of, the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People)
Status of Jerusalem: Legal Aspects
A Brief Summary of Six Day War （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Legal Aspects The Six Day War – June 1967 and Its Aftermath - Professor Gerald Adler （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
UN Resolutions on Palestine
Israel Defense Forces' History
General Uzi Narkiss （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） - A historic radio interview with General Uzi Narkiss taken on June 7 - one day after the Six-Day War, describing the battle for Jerusalem
Liberation of the Temple Mount and Western Wall by Israel Defense Forces （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） - Historic Live Broadcast on Voice of Israel Radio, June 7 1967
How The USSR Planned To Destroy Israel in 1967 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） by Isabella Ginor. Published by Middle East Review of International Affairs (MERIA) Journal Volume 7, Number 3 (September 2003)
Position of Arab forces May 1967

藍寶堅尼的戰爭

希臘羅馬

Achaean War

146 BC
羅馬佔領希臘
羅馬剛佔領完馬其頓現在兵力全開mwahahahahahahahaahahahhahahahahhahahahhahaha
(Nut)Sack of Corinth戰爭後羅馬人把男生殺殺殺，把女生和小孩變成奴隸（很可怕呢呢呢呢呢呢呢呢呢呢呢））

我知道你的眼睛飄去哪裡了，變態

殘骸

<!DOCTYPE html> Battle of Corinth (146 BC) - Wikipedia

Battle of Corinth (146 BC)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Battle of Corinth of 146 BC, also known as the Battle of Leucapetra or the Battle of Lefkopetra, was a decisive engagement fought between the Roman Republic and the Greek city-state of Corinth and its allies in the Achaean League. The battle marked the end of the Achaean War and the beginning of the period of Roman domination in Greek history, and is also notable for the complete and total destruction of Corinth by the Romans in its aftermath.

The Romans had moved swiftly since the war's beginning a few weeks earlier; they had destroyed the main Achaean force at Scarpheia, conquered Boeotia and then proceeded to Corinth itself. Despite the Roman successes, the Achaeans refused to surrender and gathered a final army for the defense of the League's capital of Corinth, where they engaged the Romans in battle. In a few hours of fighting, the Achaeans were soundly routed, with their troops killed, captured, or put to flight. After a few day's waiting, the Romans entered the city, and, on the orders of Mummius, set it on fire, killed all the men and enslaved all the women and children, after which the rest of Greece was subjugated by Rome.

Background[edit]

Tensions between Rome and Achaea had been building up for a few decades prior to the conflict that is now known as the Achaean War, but tensions came to a head in 148-146 BC, over Achaean desires to assimilate the poleis of Sparta into the League. Relations broke down between the League and Rome over this issue; Cassius Dio reported that it was the Achaeans (Greeks) who began the quarrel,^[1] but Roman expansionism, Achaean demagoguery^[2] or even a simple failure of diplomacy have been suggested as reasons.^[3] The Roman Senate ordered Lucius Mummius, one of the consuls for the year, to sail from Achaea to Greece to put down the revolt, but in the interim, they authorized Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus, who had recently been victorious in the Fourth Macedonian War and had a battle-hardened army in Macedon, to take initial action.^[4]

Prelude[edit]

Marching from Macedonia, which had just been turned into a Roman province, the Romans defeated an Achaean army under Critolaos of Megalopolis at the Battle of Scarpheia. This defeat caused great confusion and panic in the Greek world, with a number of cities now surrendering to the Romans.^[5] However, much of the League, especially Corinth, rallied around Diaeus, electing him as strategos to replace Critolaos and resolving to continue the war, with harsh levies and confiscations of property and wealth.^[6] After the battle, the Roman commander advanced through Boeotia, defeating Achaean allies in the region or receiving the surrender of multiple towns and showing them clemency. He made an offer of peace to the League, but was rebuffed by Diaeus, who also had pro-peace and pro-Roman politicians arrested or killed.^[7]

In 146 BC, Lucius Mummius arrived, sent Metellus back to Macedonia and gathered all Roman forces in the region, amounting to 23,000 infantry and 3,500 cavalry (probably two legions plus Italian allies), as well as Cretans and Pergamese allies.^[8] With this force, he proceeded to the League's capital of Corinth, where the Achaean general Diaeus was encamped with 14,000 infantry and 600 cavalry, possibly including the survivors of the rout at Scarpheia.

Battle[edit]

The Romans had posted some Italian auxiliaries as lookouts, but they were careless in their watch, possibly on account of hubris at the comparatively smaller Achaean army.^[9] This allowed the Achaeans to make a successful night attack on the camp of the Roman advance guard, inflicting significant casualties and bolstering Achaean morale. Mummius then sallied out himself, routing the pursuers and driving them back to the Achaean camp.^[10]

Encouraged by their early successes, the Achaeans offered battle the next day. In the ensuing battle, the infantry stood the charge of the legions, but the Achaean cavalry, heavily outnumbered, did not wait to receive the Roman cavalry charge and instead rapidly dispersed.^[11] The Achaean infantry, however, held the legions despite being outnumbered, until a picked force of 1,000 Roman infantry charged their flank and broke their lines completely, at which the routed Achaeans retreated in disorder within the city walls. Some Achaeans took refuge in Corinth but no defense was organized because Diaeus fled to Arcadia, where he committed suicide.^[12]

Sack of Corinth[edit]

Demoralized at their leader's flight, the surviving Achaean troops and most Corinthians fled the city, but the Romans, fearing an ambush, did not enter Corinth until three days after the battle. Once in Corinth, the Romans did not kill anyone, after which the city was sacked and utterly destroyed by the victorious Roman army and saw all of her treasures and art plundered. According to Polybius, Mummius was unable to resist the pressure of those around him.^[13]^[14] Livy writes that Mummius did not appropriate any of the spoils for himself, and praises him for his integrity.^[15] The annihilation of Corinth, the same fate met by Carthage the same year, marked a severe departure from previous Roman policy in Greece.

Polybius mentions the carelessness of Roman soldiers, who destroyed works of art or treated them like objects of entertainment.^[16] However, they did show respect to the statues of Philopoemen, both for his fame and as he was the first ally of Rome in Greece.^[17] Mummius was extremely ignorant in matters of art—when transporting priceless statues and paintings to Italy, he gave orders that the contractors should be warned that if they lost them, they would have to replace them by new ones.^[18] As in the Sack of Syracuse, the sack of Corinth saw the inflow of many Greek works of art into the Roman world, exposing it further to Greek culture and paving the way for the development of the Greco-Roman world.^[19]

Aftermath[edit]

The battle marked the end of Achaean resistance; Greece would not see fighting again until the First Mithridatic War sixty years later. The League was dissolved, Greece was annexed to the newly-created province of Macedonia (though some autonomy was given to certain cities) and direct Roman control over mainland Greece was established.^[20]

The city of Corinth did not recover for over a century. While there is archaeological evidence of some minimal habitation in the years afterwards, it was only when Julius Caesar re-established the city as Colonia Laus Iulia Corinthiensis in 44 BC, shortly before his assassination, that the city began to experience some of its old prosperity once again.^[21]

Gallery[edit]

The Sack of Corinth, by Thomas Allom
The Jockey of Artemision, which may have been taken from Corinth in the looting of the city by Mummius
Roman general Lucius Mummius Achaicus in The Sack of Corinth, by Thomas Allom (detail)
The Destruction of Corinth, by Thomas Allom
The Artemision Bronze, another bronze which may have been taken from Corinth

In popular culture[edit]

The Battle of Corinth was the central event in the 1961 film The Centurion.

References[edit]

^ Cassius Dio XXI.72
^ Polybius 38.9
^ Gruen 1976, p. 69.
^ Gruen 1976, p. 66.
^ Dio, XXI.72
^ Polybius, 39.8
^ Gruen 1976, p. 67.
^ Pausanias, 7.16
^ Pausanias, 7.16
^ Dio, XXI.72
^ Pausanias, 7.16
^ Pausanias, 7.16
^ Chisholm 1911.
^ Dillon & Garland 2005, p. 267.
^ Livy, Periochae 52.6
^ Polybius, 39.13
^ Polybius, 39.14
^ Paterculus, 1.13
^ Henrichs 1995, pp. 254–255.
^ Pausanias, 7.16
^ Dio, XXI.72

Sources[edit]

Primary sources[edit]

Cassius Dio, Roman History, Book 21
Velleius Paterculus, Roman history, Book I
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita Libri, Book XLV and Periochae 46-50
Polybius, The Histories, Books 38 and 39
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Book 7

Secondary sources[edit]

Gruen, Erich S. (1976). "The Origins of the Achaean War". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 96: 46–69. JSTOR 631223.
Henrichs, Albert (1995). "Graecia Capta: Roman Views of Greek Culture". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 97: 243–261. JSTOR 311309.
Dillon, Matthew; Garland, Lynda (2005). Ancient Rome: From the Early Republic to the Assassination of Julius Caesar. Taylor & Francis. pp. 267–. ISBN 978-0-415-22458-1.

Attribution[edit]

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mummius, Lucius". Encyclopædia Britannica. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 966–967.

揚至允的戰爭

殖民前非洲現正努力中加油！

少爺的戰爭

-維京人戰爭-阿什當之戰-

在阿什頓之戰，是西撒克遜戰勝一個丹麥海盜軍隊關於1月8日871阿什頓的位置是未知的，但可能是Kingstanding山在伯克希爾。其他作家將戰斗地點在 Starveall 附近，距離奧爾德沃思村以北和洛伯里山東南部不遠。

西撒克遜人由埃塞爾雷德國王和他的弟弟，未來的阿爾弗雷德大帝領導，而維京人的指揮官是巴塞克和哈夫丹。這場戰斗在盎格魯-撒克遜編年史和阿瑟的阿爾弗雷德國王生平中有描述。

到 870 年，維京人已經征服了四個盎格魯-撒克遜王國中的兩個，即諾桑比亞和東盎格利亞。870 年末，他們試圖征服威塞克斯，並於 12 月 28 日左右從東安格利亞進軍雷丁。抵達三天后，他們派出了一支龐大的覓食小隊，在恩格爾菲爾德戰役中被伯克郡的阿爾多曼( Ealdorman of Berkshire)埃瑟爾武夫( Æthelwulf)指揮的一支當地徵兵部隊擊敗，但僅僅四天后，埃塞爾雷德( Æthelred)指揮的西撒克遜主力軍就被擊敗了阿爾弗雷德在雷丁戰役中被擊敗.

四天后，大約在 1 月 8 日，軍隊再次在阿什當作戰。維京人首先到達戰場並沿山脊頂部部署，使他們佔據優勢。他們將軍隊分成兩支隊伍，一支由他們的國王巴塞克和哈夫丹領導，另一支由他們的伯爵領導。當西撒克遜人從他們的偵察員那裡聽到這個消息時，他們決定複製這個陣型，讓埃塞爾雷德面對國王，阿爾弗雷德面對伯爵。國王然後退到他的帳篷聽彌撒，而阿爾弗雷德則率領他的部隊前往戰場。雙方將兵力形成盾牆. Æthelred 不會中斷他的奉獻，阿爾弗雷德冒著被整個丹麥軍隊包抄和壓倒的風險。他決定進攻並帶領他的人衝鋒在山上。然後圍繞一棵小刺樹展開了激烈的戰鬥，最後西撒克遜人取得了勝利。儘管盎格魯撒克遜編年史和阿瑟都強調了阿爾弗雷德在勝利中的作用，但在理查德·阿貝爾看來是 Æthelred 在他加入戰鬥時的進攻具有決定性意義，他可能一直打算在不知情的情況下擊敗維京人。他們損失慘重，包括巴塞克國王和五位伯爵、老希德洛克、小希德洛克、奧斯本、弗萊娜和哈羅德。西撒克遜人追趕逃跑的維京人直到夜幕降臨，將他們擊倒。然而，勝利被證明短命的，因為它是後面兩場敗仗，在基礎和Meretun。同年 4 月 15 日復活節後不久，埃塞爾雷德去世，阿爾弗雷德繼位。

阿什頓之戰可以追溯到因為主教Heahmund的舍伯恩在Meretun戰役死了，眾所周知，他於22月去世871的盎格魯-撒克遜編年史記錄了立足之戰是兩個月前，它可追溯至1 月 22 日，比 1 月 8 日早 14 天的阿什當，1 月 4 日提前四天的雷丁，870 年 12 月 31 日再提前四天的恩格爾菲爾德，以及比 12 月 28 日提前三天到達雷丁的維京人。但是，由於 Meretun 和 Basing 之間的兩個月間隔可能並不准確，因此較早的日期是近似的。

[1] Pollack, "Arabs at War", p. 293-294

[2] Pollack, "Arabs at War", p. 294

[Id_@_pg_179-3] Churchill & Churchill 1967, p. 179.

[bron-4] Bron, Gabby 'Egyptian POWs Ordered to Dig Graves, Then Shot By Israeli Army' 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2007-02-19., Yedioth Ahronoth, August 17, 1995.

[zohar-5] Bar-Zohar, Michael 'The Reactions of Journalists to the Army's Murders of POWs', Maariv, August 17, 1995.

[pows-6] Prior 1999, pp. 209–210; Bar-On, Morris and Golani 2002; Fisher, Ronal 'Mass Murder in the 1956 War', Ma'ariv, August 8, 1995.

[laub-7] Laub, Karin 'Historians: Israeli troops killed many Egyptian POWs', Associated Press, August 16, 1995. Retrieved from the Wayback Machine. October 14, 2005.

[post-8] "Israel Reportedly Killed POWs", August 17, 1995

[9] Segev, T., 2007, p. 374

[nytimes21sep-10] Ibrahim, Youssef. Egypt Says Israelis Killed P.O.W.'s in '67 War. The New York Times. September 21, 1995 [2014-01-11]. （原始內容存檔於2019-08-26）.

[1] Cassius Dio XXI.72

[2] Polybius 38.9

[FOOTNOTEGruen197669-3] Gruen 1976, p. 69.

[FOOTNOTEGruen197666-4] Gruen 1976, p. 66.

[5] Dio, XXI.72

[6] Polybius, 39.8

[FOOTNOTEGruen197667-7] Gruen 1976, p. 67.

[8] Pausanias, 7.16

[9] Pausanias, 7.16

[10] Dio, XXI.72

[11] Pausanias, 7.16

[12] Pausanias, 7.16

[FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-13] Chisholm 1911.

[FOOTNOTEDillonGarland2005267-14] Dillon & Garland 2005, p. 267.

[15] Livy, Periochae 52.6

[16] Polybius, 39.13

[17] Polybius, 39.14

[18] Paterculus, 1.13

[FOOTNOTEHenrichs1995254–255-19] Henrichs 1995, pp. 254–255.

[20] Pausanias, 7.16

[21] Dio, XXI.72

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

@@ 行 989： / 行 989： @@
 <img src='http://urclass.net/uploadFiles/%E5%98%89%E7%A6%BE%E6%9B%B8%E9%99%A2/%E8%97%8D%E5%AF%A7/Ancient_Corinth_3.jpg' width=400 height=*/> 殘骸
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr">
+<head>
+<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
+<title>Battle of Corinth (146 BC) - Wikipedia</title>
+<script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"641ed467-4c96-40a4-914c-cbf98e43ebb4","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)","wgTitle":"Battle of Corinth (146 BC)","wgCurRevisionId":1058005432,"wgRevisionId":1058005432,"wgArticleId":2924155,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference",
+"Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica","146 BC","140s BC conflicts","2nd century BC in Greece","Ancient Corinth","Battles involving the Achaean League","Battles involving the Roman Republic","Genocides","Greece in the Roman era","Massacres of men","Violence against men in Europe","Razed cities"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)","wgRelevantArticleId":2924155,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":-1}}},"wgPopupsFlags":10,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"nearby":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,
+"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgULSCurrentAutonym":"English","wgCoordinates":{"lat":37.9053,"lon":22.8802},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":true,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q587983","wgGENewcomerTasksGuidanceEnabled":true,"wgGEAskQuestionEnabled":false,"wgGELinkRecommendationsFrontendEnabled":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc",
+"skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.uls.compactlinks","ext.uls.interface","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script>
+<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@1hzgi",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});});});</script>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"/>
+<script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector"></script>
+<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector"/>
+<meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.38.0-wmf.13"/>
+<meta name="referrer" content="origin"/>
+<meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-crossorigin"/>
+<meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"/>
+<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/>
+<meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/1200px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG"/>
+<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/>
+<meta property="og:image:height" content="823"/>
+<meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/800px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG"/>
+<meta property="og:image:width" content="800"/>
+<meta property="og:image:height" content="549"/>
+<meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/640px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG"/>
+<meta property="og:image:width" content="640"/>
+<meta property="og:image:height" content="439"/>
+<meta property="og:title" content="Battle of Corinth (146 BC) - Wikipedia"/>
+<meta property="og:type" content="website"/>
+<link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"/>
+<link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 720px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)"/>
+<link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit"/>
+<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"/>
+<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"/>
+<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="Wikipedia (en)"/>
+<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/>
+<link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"/>
+<link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)"/>
+<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" />
+<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"/>
+</head>
+<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Battle_of_Corinth_146_BC rootpage-Battle_of_Corinth_146_BC skin-vector action-view skin-vector-legacy"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div>
+<div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div>
+<div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main">
+	<a id="top"></a>
+	<div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div>
+	<div class="mw-indicators">
+	</div>
+	<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" >Battle of Corinth (146 BC)</h1>
+	<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body">
+		<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>
+		<div id="contentSub"></div>
+		<div id="contentSub2"></div>
+		<div id="jump-to-nav"></div>
+		<a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a>
+		<a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a>
+		<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Battle between the Roman Republic and Corinth and its allies in 146 BC</div>
+<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other Battles of Corinth, see <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Battle of Corinth (disambiguation)">Battle of Corinth (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
+<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Corinth</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Achaean_War" title="Achaean War">Achaean War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Tony_robert-fleury,_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto,_ante_1870.JPG" class="image"><img alt="Painting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/300px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="206" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/450px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG/600px-Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2952" data-file-height="2024" /></a><br /><i>The last day on Corinth</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Robert-Fleury" title="Tony Robert-Fleury">Tony Robert-Fleury</a>, 1870</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>146 BC</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r994658806">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;params=37.9053_N_22.8802_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°54′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">22°52′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.9053°N 22.8802°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.9053; 22.8802</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r994658806"/><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;params=37.9053_N_22.8802_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°54′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">22°52′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.9053°N 22.8802°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.9053; 22.8802</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status">
+<p>Roman victory
+</p>
+<ul><li>Destruction of Corinth</li>
+<li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Greece">Complete Roman hegemony over Greece</a></li>
+<li>Achaean League disbanded</li></ul></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Territorial<br />changes</th><td>
+Greece annexed by the Roman Republic</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;">
+<a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em">
+<a href="/wiki/Achaean_League" title="Achaean League">Achaean League</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;">
+<a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus" title="Lucius Mummius Achaicus">Lucius Mummius</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em">
+<a href="/wiki/Diaeus" title="Diaeus">Diaeus</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;,&#39;Old English Text MT&#39;,serif"><b>&#8224;</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;">
+,500 infantry<br />3,300 cavalry</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em">
+,500 infantry<br />650 cavalry</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;">
+Minor</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em">
+Total</td></tr></tbody></table>
+<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1057682214">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox th,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Achaean_War" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1054937957">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Achaean_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Achaean War"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background-color:#C3D6EF;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Achaean_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Achaean War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background-color:#C3D6EF;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Campaignbox_Achaean_War&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background-color:#C3D6EF;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Achaean_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Achaean_War" title="Achaean War">Achaean War</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
+<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scarpheia" title="Battle of Scarpheia">Scarpheia</a></li>
+<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corinth (146 BC)</a></li></ul>
+</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
+<p>The <b>Battle of Corinth</b> of 146 BC, also known as the <b>Battle of Leucapetra</b> or the <b>Battle of Lefkopetra</b>, was a decisive engagement fought between the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">city-state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> and its allies in the <a href="/wiki/Achaean_League" title="Achaean League">Achaean League</a>. The battle marked the end of the <a href="/wiki/Achaean_War" title="Achaean War">Achaean War</a> and the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Greece">period of Roman domination</a> in Greek history, and is also notable for the complete and total destruction of Corinth by the Romans in its aftermath.
+</p><p>The Romans had moved swiftly since the war's beginning a few weeks earlier; they had destroyed the main Achaean force at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scarpheia" title="Battle of Scarpheia">Scarpheia</a>, conquered Boeotia and then proceeded to Corinth itself. Despite the Roman successes, the Achaeans refused to surrender and gathered a final army for the defense of the League's capital of Corinth, where they engaged the Romans in battle. In a few hours of fighting, the Achaeans were soundly routed, with their troops killed, captured, or put to flight. After a few day's waiting, the Romans entered the city, and, on the orders of Mummius, set it on fire, killed all the men and enslaved all the women and children, after which the rest of Greece was subjugated by Rome.
+</p>
+<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
+<ul>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Prelude"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Prelude</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Battle"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Battle</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Sack_of_Corinth"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Sack of Corinth</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Aftermath"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Aftermath</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Gallery"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Gallery</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#In_popular_culture"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">In popular culture</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a>
+<ul>
+<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Primary_sources"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Primary sources</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Secondary_sources"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Secondary sources</span></a></li>
+<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Attribution"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Attribution</span></a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Background">Background</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<p>Tensions between Rome and Achaea had been building up for a few decades prior to the conflict that is now known as the Achaean War, but tensions came to a head in 148-146 BC, over Achaean desires to assimilate the <i><a href="/wiki/Poleis" class="mw-redirect" title="Poleis">poleis</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> into the League. Relations broke down between the League and Rome over this issue; <a href="/wiki/Cassius_Dio" title="Cassius Dio">Cassius Dio</a> reported that it was the Achaeans (Greeks) who began the quarrel,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> but Roman expansionism, Achaean demagoguery<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">&#91;2&#93;</a></sup> or even a simple failure of diplomacy have been suggested as reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197669_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197669-3">&#91;3&#93;</a></sup> The Roman Senate ordered <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus" title="Lucius Mummius Achaicus">Lucius Mummius</a>, one of the consuls for the year, to sail from Achaea to Greece to put down the revolt, but in the interim, they authorized <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Caecilius_Metellus_Macedonicus" title="Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus">Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus</a>, who had recently been victorious in the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Macedonian_War" title="Fourth Macedonian War">Fourth Macedonian War</a> and had a battle-hardened army in Macedon, to take initial action.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197666_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197666-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup>
+</p>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Prelude">Prelude</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Prelude">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<p>Marching from <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a>, which had just been turned into a Roman province, the Romans defeated an Achaean army under <a href="/wiki/Critolaos_of_Megalopolis" title="Critolaos of Megalopolis">Critolaos of Megalopolis</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scarpheia" title="Battle of Scarpheia">Battle of Scarpheia</a>. This defeat caused great confusion and panic in the Greek world, with a number of cities now surrendering to the Romans.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">&#91;5&#93;</a></sup> However, much of the League, especially <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a>, rallied around Diaeus, electing him as <i>strategos</i> to replace Critolaos and resolving to continue the war, with harsh levies and confiscations of property and wealth.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">&#91;6&#93;</a></sup> After the battle, the Roman commander advanced through <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, defeating Achaean allies in the region or receiving the surrender of multiple towns and showing them clemency. He made an offer of peace to the League, but was rebuffed by Diaeus, who also had pro-peace and pro-Roman politicians arrested or killed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197667_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197667-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup>
+</p><p>In 146 BC, Lucius Mummius arrived, sent Metellus back to Macedonia and gathered all Roman forces in the region, amounting to 23,000 infantry and 3,500 cavalry (probably two legions plus Italian allies), as well as <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Cretans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pergamum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pergamum">Pergamese</a> allies.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> With this force, he proceeded to the League's capital of Corinth, where the Achaean general <a href="/wiki/Diaeus" title="Diaeus">Diaeus</a> was encamped with 14,000 infantry and 600 cavalry, possibly including the survivors of the rout at Scarpheia.
+</p>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Battle">Battle</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Battle">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<p>The Romans had posted some Italian auxiliaries as lookouts, but they were careless in their watch, possibly on account of hubris at the comparatively smaller Achaean army.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> This allowed the Achaeans to make a successful night attack on the camp of the Roman advance guard, inflicting significant casualties and bolstering Achaean morale. Mummius then sallied out himself, routing the pursuers and driving them back to the Achaean camp.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup>
+</p><p>Encouraged by their early successes, the Achaeans offered battle the next day. In the ensuing battle, the infantry stood the charge of the legions, but the Achaean cavalry, heavily outnumbered, did not wait to receive the Roman cavalry charge and instead rapidly dispersed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> The Achaean infantry, however, held the legions despite being outnumbered, until a picked force of 1,000 Roman infantry charged their flank and broke their lines completely, at which the routed Achaeans retreated in disorder within the city walls. Some Achaeans took refuge in Corinth but no defense was organized because Diaeus fled to <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_(ancient_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcadia (ancient region)">Arcadia</a>, where he committed suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup>
+</p>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sack_of_Corinth">Sack of Corinth</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Sack of Corinth">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<p>Demoralized at their leader's flight, the surviving Achaean troops and most Corinthians fled the city, but the Romans, fearing an ambush, did not enter Corinth until three days after the battle. Once in Corinth, the Romans did not kill anyone, after which the city was sacked and utterly destroyed by the victorious Roman army and saw all of her treasures and art plundered. According to <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>, Mummius was unable to resist the pressure of those around him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillonGarland2005267_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillonGarland2005267-14">&#91;14&#93;</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> writes that Mummius did not appropriate any of the spoils for himself, and praises him for his integrity.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">&#91;15&#93;</a></sup> The annihilation of Corinth, the same fate met by Carthage the same year, marked a severe departure from previous Roman policy in Greece.
+</p><p>Polybius mentions the carelessness of Roman soldiers, who destroyed works of art or treated them like objects of entertainment.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">&#91;16&#93;</a></sup> However, they did show respect to the statues of <a href="/wiki/Philopoemen" title="Philopoemen">Philopoemen</a>, both for his fame and as he was the first ally of Rome in Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup> Mummius was extremely ignorant in matters of art—when transporting priceless statues and paintings to Italy, he gave orders that the contractors should be warned that if they lost them, they would have to replace them by new ones.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">&#91;18&#93;</a></sup> As in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Syracuse_(213-212_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Syracuse (213-212 BC)">Sack of Syracuse</a>, the sack of Corinth saw the inflow of many Greek works of art into the Roman world, exposing it further to Greek culture and paving the way for the development of the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_world" title="Greco-Roman world">Greco-Roman world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHenrichs1995254–255_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHenrichs1995254–255-19">&#91;19&#93;</a></sup>
+</p>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Aftermath">Aftermath</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<p>The battle marked the end of Achaean resistance; Greece would not see fighting again until the <a href="/wiki/First_Mithridatic_War" title="First Mithridatic War">First Mithridatic War</a> sixty years later. The League was dissolved, Greece was annexed to the newly-created province of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a> (though some autonomy was given to certain cities) and direct Roman control over mainland Greece was established.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">&#91;20&#93;</a></sup>
+</p><p>The city of Corinth did not recover for over a century. While there is archaeological evidence of some minimal habitation in the years afterwards, it was only when <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> re-established the city as <i>Colonia Laus Iulia Corinthiensis</i> in 44 BC, shortly before his <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Assassination of Julius Caesar">assassination</a>, that the city began to experience some of its old prosperity once again.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">&#91;21&#93;</a></sup>
+</p>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Gallery">Gallery</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1372px;">
+		<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"><div style="width: 335px">
+			<div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><div style="margin:23px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/300px-The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/450px-The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/600px-The_Sack_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1912" data-file-height="1170" /></a></div></div>
+			<div class="gallerytext">
+<p><i>The Sack of Corinth</i>, by Thomas Allom
+</p>
+			</div>
+		</div></li>
+		<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"><div style="width: 335px">
+			<div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jockey_of_Artemision_(5987129920).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg/214px-Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="200" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg/321px-Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg/428px-Jockey_of_Artemision_%285987129920%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3132" data-file-height="2929" /></a></div></div>
+			<div class="gallerytext">
+<p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Jockey_of_Artemision" title="Jockey of Artemision">Jockey of Artemision</a></i>, which may have been taken from Corinth in the looting of the city by Mummius
+</p>
+			</div>
+		</div></li>
+		<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"><div style="width: 335px">
+			<div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth,_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/235px-Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="200" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/352px-Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/469px-Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus_in_The_Sack_of_Corinth%2C_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="766" /></a></div></div>
+			<div class="gallerytext">
+<p>Roman general <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mummius_Achaicus" title="Lucius Mummius Achaicus">Lucius Mummius Achaicus</a> in <i>The Sack of Corinth</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Allom" title="Thomas Allom">Thomas Allom</a> (detail)
+</p>
+			</div>
+		</div></li>
+		<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"><div style="width: 335px">
+			<div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><div style="margin:32.5px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/300px-The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="165" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/450px-The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg/600px-The_Destruction_of_Corinth_by_Thomas_Allom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1318" /></a></div></div>
+			<div class="gallerytext">
+<p><i>The Destruction of Corinth</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Allom" title="Thomas Allom">Thomas Allom</a>
+</p>
+			</div>
+		</div></li>
+		<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"><div style="width: 335px">
+			<div class="thumb" style="width: 330px;"><div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/wiki/File:Netuno19b.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Netuno19b.jpg/156px-Netuno19b.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="200" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Netuno19b.jpg/234px-Netuno19b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Netuno19b.jpg/313px-Netuno19b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="660" /></a></div></div>
+			<div class="gallerytext">
+<p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Artemision_Bronze" title="Artemision Bronze">Artemision Bronze</a></i>, another bronze which may have been taken from Corinth
+</p>
+			</div>
+		</div></li>
+</ul>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<ul><li>The Battle of Corinth was the central event in the 1961 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Centurion_(1961_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Centurion (1961 film)">The Centurion</a></i>.</li></ul>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
+<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
+<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cassius Dio XXI.72</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Polybius 38.9</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197669-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197669_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGruen1976">Gruen 1976</a>, p.&#160;69.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197666-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197666_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGruen1976">Gruen 1976</a>, p.&#160;66.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dio, XXI.72</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Polybius, 39.8</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGruen197667-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGruen197667_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGruen1976">Gruen 1976</a>, p.&#160;67.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, 7.16</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, 7.16</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dio, XXI.72</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, 7.16</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, 7.16</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillonGarland2005267-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillonGarland2005267_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillonGarland2005">Dillon &amp; Garland 2005</a>, p.&#160;267.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Livy, Periochae 52.6</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Polybius, 39.13</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Polybius, 39.14</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paterculus, 1.13</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHenrichs1995254–255-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHenrichs1995254–255_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHenrichs1995">Henrichs 1995</a>, pp.&#160;254–255.</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pausanias, 7.16</span>
+</li>
+<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dio, XXI.72</span>
+</li>
+</ol></div></div>
+<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sources">Sources</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
+<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Primary sources">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
+<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_Dio" title="Cassius Dio">Cassius Dio</a>, <i>Roman History</i>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/21*.html">Book 21</a></i></li>
+<li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Velleius_Paterculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Velleius Paterculus">Velleius Paterculus</a>, <i>Roman history</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Velleius_Paterculus/1*.html">Book I</a></li>
+<li><a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ab_Urbe_Condita_Libri" title="Ab Urbe Condita Libri">Ab Urbe Condita Libri</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Livy/Livy45.html">Book XLV</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/sources/content/livy/livy-periochae-51-55/">Periochae 46-50</a></li>
+<li><a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Histories_(Polybius)" title="The Histories (Polybius)">The Histories</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234%3Abook%3D38%3Achapter%3D9">Books 38 and 39</a></li>
+<li><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, <i>Description of Greece</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/Pausanias7A.html">Book 7</a></li></ul>
+<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Secondary_sources">Secondary sources</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Secondary sources">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
+<ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFGruen1976" class="citation journal cs1">Gruen, Erich S. (1976). "The Origins of the Achaean War". <i>The Journal of Hellenic Studies</i>. <b>96</b>: 46–69. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/631223">631223</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Hellenic+Studies&amp;rft.atitle=The+Origins+of+the+Achaean+War.&amp;rft.volume=96&amp;rft.pages=46-69&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F631223%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Gruen&amp;rft.aufirst=Erich+S.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" class="Z3988"></span></li>
+<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHenrichs1995" class="citation journal cs1">Henrichs, Albert (1995). "Graecia Capta: Roman Views of Greek Culture". <i>Harvard Studies in Classical Philology</i>. <b>97</b>: 243–261. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/311309">311309</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Harvard+Studies+in+Classical+Philology&amp;rft.atitle=Graecia+Capta%3A+Roman+Views+of+Greek+Culture.&amp;rft.volume=97&amp;rft.pages=243-261&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F311309%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Henrichs&amp;rft.aufirst=Albert&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" class="Z3988"></span></li>
+<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFDillonGarland2005" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Matthew; Garland, Lynda (2005). <i>Ancient Rome: From the Early Republic to the Assassination of Julius Caesar</i>. Taylor &amp; Francis. pp.&#160;267–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22458-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22458-1"><bdi>978-0-415-22458-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ancient+Rome%3A+From+the+Early+Republic+to+the+Assassination+of+Julius+Caesar&amp;rft.pages=267-&amp;rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-415-22458-1&amp;rft.aulast=Dillon&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rft.au=Garland%2C+Lynda&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
+<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Attribution">Attribution</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Attribution">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
+<ul><li><span class="noprint"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" />&#160;</span>This article&#160;incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>:&#160;<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Mummius,_Lucius" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Mummius, Lucius">Mummius, Lucius</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. <b>18</b> (11th&#160;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&#160;966–967.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Mummius%2C+Lucius&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=966-967&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
+<!--
+NewPP limit report
+Parsed by mw1380
+Cached time: 20211220002146
+Cache expiry: 1814400
+Reduced expiry: false
+Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1]
+CPU time usage: 0.445 seconds
+Real time usage: 0.553 seconds
+Preprocessor visited node count: 1233/1000000
+Post‐expand include size: 30324/2097152 bytes
+Template argument size: 1430/2097152 bytes
+Highest expansion depth: 10/40
+Expensive parser function count: 0/500
+Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20
+Unstrip post‐expand size: 23971/5000000 bytes
+Lua time usage: 0.281/10.000 seconds
+Lua memory usage: 5433056/52428800 bytes
+Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400
+-->
+<!--
+Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)
+.00%  501.367      1 -total
+.52%  102.902      2 Template:Cite_journal
+.56%   78.013      1 Template:Short_description
+.92%   69.797      1 Template:Campaignbox_Achaean_War
+.55%   67.916      1 Template:Campaignbox
+.10%   65.695      1 Template:Military_navigation
+.53%   62.821      6 Template:Sfn
+.17%   56.002      1 Template:Infobox_military_conflict
+.47%   47.474      1 Template:Pagetype
+.28%   41.536      1 Template:EB1911
+-->
+<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:2924155-0!canonical and timestamp 20211220002145 and revision id 1058005432. Serialized with JSON.
+ -->
+</div><noscript><img src="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;" /></noscript>
+<div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;oldid=1058005432">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;oldid=1058005432</a>"</div></div>
+		<div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:146_BC" title="Category:146 BC">146 BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:140s_BC_conflicts" title="Category:140s BC conflicts">140s BC conflicts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2nd_century_BC_in_Greece" title="Category:2nd century BC in Greece">2nd century BC in Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Corinth" title="Category:Ancient Corinth">Ancient Corinth</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Achaean_League" title="Category:Battles involving the Achaean League">Battles involving the Achaean League</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Roman_Republic" title="Category:Battles involving the Roman Republic">Battles involving the Roman Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Genocides" title="Category:Genocides">Genocides</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greece_in_the_Roman_era" title="Category:Greece in the Roman era">Greece in the Roman era</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massacres_of_men" title="Category:Massacres of men">Massacres of men</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Violence_against_men_in_Europe" title="Category:Violence against men in Europe">Violence against men in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Razed_cities" title="Category:Razed cities">Razed cities</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li></ul></div></div>
+	</div>
+</div>
+<div id='mw-data-after-content'>
+	<div class="read-more-container"></div>
+</div>
+<div id="mw-navigation">
+	<h2>Navigation menu</h2>
+	<div id="mw-head">
+		<nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-personal-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span>Not logged in</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Battle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Battle+of+Corinth+%28146+BC%29" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Log in</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+		<div id="left-navigation">
+			<nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu vector-menu-tabs" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-namespaces-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Namespaces</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+			<nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown-noicon vector-menu vector-menu-dropdown" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<input type="checkbox"
+		id="p-variants-checkbox"
+		role="button"
+		aria-haspopup="true"
+		data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants"
+		class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" />
+	<h3 id="p-variants-label" aria-label="Change language variant" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Variants</span>
+			<span class="vector-menu-checkbox-expanded">expanded</span>
+			<span class="vector-menu-checkbox-collapsed">collapsed</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+		</div>
+		<div id="right-navigation">
+			<nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu vector-menu-tabs" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-views-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Views</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+			<nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown-noicon vector-menu vector-menu-dropdown" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" role="navigation"  title="More options"
+	 >
+	<input type="checkbox"
+		id="p-cactions-checkbox"
+		role="button"
+		aria-haspopup="true"
+		data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions"
+		class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" />
+	<h3 id="p-cactions-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">More</span>
+			<span class="vector-menu-checkbox-expanded">expanded</span>
+			<span class="vector-menu-checkbox-collapsed">collapsed</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+			<div id="p-search" role="search" class=" vector-search-box">
+	<div>
+			<h3 >
+				<label for="searchInput">Search</label>
+			</h3>
+		<form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform"
+			class="vector-search-box-form">
+			<div id="simpleSearch"
+				class="vector-search-box-inner"
+				 data-search-loc="header-navigation">
+				<input class="vector-search-box-input"
+					 type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput"
+				/>
+				<input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/>
+				<input id="mw-searchButton"
+					 class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Search Wikipedia for this text" value="Search" />
+				<input id="searchButton"
+					 class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" value="Go" />
+			</div>
+		</form>
+	</div>
+</div>
+		</div>
+	</div>
+<div id="mw-panel">
+	<div id="p-logo" role="banner">
+		<a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page"
+			title="Visit the main page"></a>
+	</div>
+	<nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-navigation-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Navigation</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en" title="Support us by donating to the Wikimedia Foundation"><span>Donate</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+	<nav id="p-interaction" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-interaction-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-interaction-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Contribute</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+<nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-tb-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;oldid=1058005432" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&amp;page=Battle_of_Corinth_%28146_BC%29&amp;id=1058005432&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q587983" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+<nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Battle_of_Corinth_%28146_BC%29&amp;action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+<nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li></ul>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+	<nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu vector-menu-portal portal" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" role="navigation"
+	 >
+	<h3 id="p-lang-label" aria-label="" class="vector-menu-heading">
+		<span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Languages</span>
+	</h3>
+	<div class="vector-menu-content">
+		<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AB_(146_%D9%82.%D9%85)" title="معركة كورنث (146 ق.م) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_kod_Korinta_(146._p._n._e)" title="Bitka kod Korinta (146. p. n. e) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Μάχη της Λευκόπετρας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Corinto" title="Batalla de Corinto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalo_de_Korinto_(146_a.K.)" title="Batalo de Korinto (146 a.K.) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="نبرد کورنت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Corinthe" title="Bataille de Corinthe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9igear_na_Corainte_(146_RCh)" title="Léigear na Corainte (146 RCh) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_Korintus_(146_SM)" title="Pertempuran Korintus (146 SM) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orrustan_vi%C3%B0_K%C3%B3rin%C3%BEu" title="Orrustan við Kórinþu – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Corinto" title="Battaglia di Corinto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A1" title="קרב קורינתוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="コリントスの戦い – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Istmos" title="Bitwa pod Istmos – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Corinto_(146_a.C.)" title="Batalha de Corinto (146 a.C.) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Битва при Левкопетре – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Corinth" title="Battle of Corinth – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_kod_Korinta_(146._pne.)" title="Bitka kod Korinta (146. pne.) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korint_Muharebesi_(M%C3%96_146)" title="Korint Muharebesi (MÖ 146) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li></ul>
+		<div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q587983#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div>
+	</div>
+</nav>
+</div>
+</div>
+<footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" role="contentinfo" >
+	<ul id="footer-info">
+	<li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 November 2021, at 22:30<span class="anonymous-show">&#160;(UTC)</span>.</li>
+	<li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="license" href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a><a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" style="display:none;"></a>;
+additional terms may apply.  By using this site, you agree to the <a href="//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a href="//www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li>
+</ul>
+	<ul id="footer-places">
+	<li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute">Developers</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li>
+	<li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li>
+</ul>
+	<ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint">
+	<li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.png" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/footer/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x" width="88" height="31" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy" /></a></li>
+	<li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/"><img src="/static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" srcset="/static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/footer/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"/></a></li>
+</ul>
+</footer>
+<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.445","walltime":"0.553","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1233,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":30324,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1430,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":40},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":23971,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00%  501.367      1 -total"," 20.52%  102.902      2 Template:Cite_journal"," 15.56%   78.013      1 Template:Short_description"," 13.92%   69.797      1 Template:Campaignbox_Achaean_War"," 13.55%   67.916      1 Template:Campaignbox"," 13.10%   65.695      1 Template:Military_navigation"," 12.53%   62.821      6 Template:Sfn"," 11.17%   56.002      1 Template:Infobox_military_conflict","  9.47%   47.474      1 Template:Pagetype","  8.28%   41.536      1 Template:EB1911"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.281","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5433056,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n  [\"CITEREFChisholm1911\"] = 1,\n  [\"CITEREFDillonGarland2005\"] = 1,\n  [\"CITEREFGruen1976\"] = 1,\n  [\"CITEREFHenrichs1995\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n  [\"Campaignbox Achaean War\"] = 1,\n  [\"Cite book\"] = 1,\n  [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n  [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n  [\"EB1911\"] = 1,\n  [\"For\"] = 1,\n  [\"Infobox military conflict\"] = 1,\n  [\"KIA\"] = 1,\n  [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n  [\"Sfn\"] = 6,\n  [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw1380","timestamp":"20211220002146","ttl":1814400,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script>
+<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Battle of Corinth (146 BC)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battle_of_Corinth_(146_BC)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q587983","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q587983","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-10-17T02:17:47Z","dateModified":"2021-11-30T22:30:41Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bf\/Tony_robert-fleury%2C_l%27ultimo_giorno_di_corinto%2C_ante_1870.JPG","headline":"battle between the Roman Republic and Corinth and its allies in 146 BC"}</script>
+<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":114,"wgHostname":"mw1407"});});</script>
+</body>
+</html>
 ==揚至允的戰爭==

「古代戰爭」修訂間的差異